CICO-High School: Evaluation of an Effective Tier 2 Behavior Intervention for Students in High Schools

Funded by the U.S. Department of Education’s Institute for Education Science (IES), Check In Check Out High School (CICO HS) preserves the core features of standard CICO, while adapting the intervention to align with the contextual features of high schools by adding a mobile data collection application to increase efficiency and increasing emphasis on student self-regulation. In a previous development and innovation project, preliminary results indicate CICO-HS to be (a) effective in improving academic engagement and behavior for high school students, (b) perceived as acceptable and feasible by stakeholders, and (c) able to be implemented with strong procedural fidelity in high schools (Kato et al., 2022; Kittelman et al., 2019; Kittelman et al., under review). This larger project will provide a more rigorous assessment of its efficacy. We will evaluate the effects of CICO-HS on student outcomes using a randomized wait-list control efficacy trial with 300 students in 6 high schools (students randomized within schools). We will also conduct an implementation study to examine feasibility and fidelity of implementation of CICO-HS by school personnel and a cost/cost-effectiveness study to identify resources needed to implement CICO-HS and school costs to achieve the desired student outcomes.

Kittelman, A., Lissman, D. C., Strickland-Cohen, M. K., Kato, M. M., Flannery, K. B., Horner, R. H., Izzard, S., St. Joseph, S., & Mallory, A. (2023). CICO-Secondary: A Single-Case Experimental Study in High School. Journal of Positive Behavior Supports. https://doi.org/10.1177/10983007231200542.

Flannery, K. B., Kato, M.M., Kittelman, A., Sampson, N.K., & McIntosh, K. Check-In/Check-Out (CICO). (in press accepted for publication 12/16/2023) High School: Results from a Small Randomized Trial. Behavioral Disorders.

Kato, M., Kittelman, A., Flannery, K. B., & Cohen Lissman, D.  (2023). Adapting and monitoring daily CICO implementation in high schools, Preventing School Failure: Alternative Education for Children and Youth.   https://doi.org/10.1080/1045988X.2022.2106933

Bundock, K., & Flannery K. B. (2021). CICO in high school settings. In L. S. Hawken, D. A. Crone, K. Bundock, & R. H. Horner (Eds.), Responding to Problem Behavior in Schools (3rd ed., pp. 150-168). Guilford Publications, Inc.

Hawken, L. S., Horner, R. H., Flannery, K. B., Kittleman, A., & McGrath Kato, M. (2021). Selecting fidelity and outcome data systems to guide CICO decision-making. In L. S. Hawken, D. A. Crone, K. Bundock, & R. H. Horner (Eds.), Responding to Problem Behavior in Schools (3rd ed., pp. 90-104). Guilford Publications, Inc.

Kitterman, A., Flannery, K. B., Kato, M. M., Triplett, D., & Horner, R. H. (2020). Check-in, check-out in high schools: An exploratory analysis.  Accepted by ERIC (ED602728)

Kittelman, A., Monzalve, M. M., Flannery, K. B., & Hershfeldt, P. (2018). Adaptations of check-in/check-out to meet the needs of high school students. The High School Journal, 102(1), 14-17.  https://www.jstor.org/stable/26757712